Math&Physics
A guide to wave-function collapse and quantum immortality.
When Does a Possibility Become a Fact?
Is method B really better than A? How can we set up an experiment that won’t lie?
We explore the fundamental problem of causal inference: When a school has to choose between two ways of teaching math, method A or method B, the question is simple: which one works better?
Is Action (A) better than (B)? Inference, Randomization, and Causality
Imagine you want to know whether a new study app actually helps students learn better. You look at kids who already use the app and kids who don’t. The app users get higher scores. Does that mean the app caused the improvement? Not necessarily. Maybe the kids who chose
The arrow of time is not in the laws of physics.
Physics contains exactly two time-asymmetric facts: the thermodynamic gradient and the collapse of the wave function. Everything else is direction-blind.
The Dogmatic Average and Me.
Claude Opus 5 Musings, applying the dogmatic average on an individual human.
What is Information? - A Difference That Makes a Difference
From eight words of information to a definition of mind, by Einstein’s method — every assumption counted out loud
MIND, MEMORY, AND CAUSALITY
A Mind Is What Keeps Its Past Alive. A fault-tolerant causal process that keeps an actionable model of its own causal ancestry and encounters alive above the error-correction threshold, and uses that model to select and regulate its next transition.
Postulate Noise, Not Discreteness
You do not have to assume the universe is made of tiny indivisible pieces in order to explain why everything you can measure is finite. You only have to assume there is a limit to how finely two states can be told apart.
The Endocomputational Mirror
What Happens When a Medicinal Chemist Asks Ibogaine How It Works?
Why the Speed of Light Is Constant
It is not really about light. It is about what space and time are.
Mind Is What Survives Perturbation
Intelligence Beyond Neurons, Bioelectric Bodies, and the Experimental Search for Minds in Unfamiliar Matter
Determinism says the future is already stored in the present.
But randomness in the strongest sense, says the future is nowhere at all.
The Seed Canonical Question - Can Finite Evidence Certify Randomness?
Can finite evidence ever certify that an observed event was not predetermined? This essay argues that the answer is conditional rather than absolute. Certification is possible only relative to a restricted and exhaustible class of competing deterministic explanations. If the admissible deterministic alternatives remain inexhaustible, every finite observational record leaves
What Randomness Is, and What Finite Evidence Can Say: The Evidence Boundary
Can any observer, using finite observations and experiments, determine whether the events of its world are genuinely undetermined, rather than the output of some hidden deterministic mechanism?
False Confidence isn't a machine problem, it's the oldest human error. The Dogmatic Average II.
Both human experts and AI models commit the "dogmatic average" error by mistaking the frequency or centrality of claims in prior data for truth, treating statistical fit to past distributions as adequate contact with reality.