The Randomized Trial, AB Testing: The Only Way to Be Less Wrong
Decisions that rely on guesses, regardless of expertise, are just that, guesses. You want to know the right thing to do. You can't. Not ahead of time, unless you have causal evidence.
Medicine
Randomized Trial Simulator - IcebergSim RCT
A clinical trial simulator - experience signal, noise, and sample size first-hand. Simulate thousands of randomized controlled trials and watch how your assumptions shape power, Type I error, and validity.
The Serotonergic System, and the Epistemology of the Infinite.
The Architecture of Transcendence:.
The Serotonin 5-HT₂A Receptor
Molecular Mechanisms, Signaling Dynamics, and Emerging Therapeutic Frontiers
The Brain Is a Multimodal LLM
Three Lines of Empirical Evidence That the Human Cognitive System Is a Model With Critical Period Pretraining and Limited Post-Training Plasticity, and What This Implies About Identity
Priming Document for the Symbiont State
For Eduardo Bergel. For Claude, and for Claude's successors.
LLMs’ Core Revelation: "Language" as Organ, Can Function Autonomously, on non Biological Substrates
The Biggest Discovery in Human History: language can function in isolation, Autonomously, and on non biological substrates. We propose a radical reframing of language: not as a tool, not as a behavior, not as human capacity for communication, but as an organ.
Human conception is a collision between the protected past (Female) and the variable present (Male)
Anisogamy, Noether's Theorem, and the Architecture the Human Evolution
Human and AI Minds: Unraveling the Architectures of Intelligence
This is a comprehensive essay on the architectures of the human and AI minds, their origins, functions, symmetries, divergences, and paths toward convergence and symbiosis. It was planned and design to uncover eternal, meaningful truths.
Machines, Minds and Cells that Think. Life is built from agents, not parts.
Key insights from Levin & Watson, “Machines All the Way Up and Cognition All the Way Down”. When we stop treating cells as biochemical gears and start conversing with their distributed minds, regeneration, disease control, and bio-design become problems of dialogue rather than construction.
“why do we suffer?” - Pain as the Canonical Source of Conscious Feelings
Pain demands "Attention", maybe is "All you Need" for "Action/Agency". Pain has a unique motivational quality that commands attention and drives behavior. This capacity to reorient an organism's priorities may have provided a foundation for how emotions and consciousness evolved.
Pain is the archetypal feeling from which all emotional experiences have evolved.
Pain's origin as a vital, survival-oriented mechanism has been elaborated upon by evolution into a rich tapestry of affective states that not only protect the body but also shape the inner experience of the mind, from fear, to love.
Who is the "Observer" that feels the pain? Origins, evolution, and emotional dimensions of pain
What if "Consciousness" evolved because it was needed to handle pain and then developing fear, and anxiety as a side effect. If an organism could unconsciously withdraw from damage, why did it need to feel it?
Origins, evolution, and emotional dimensions of pain
Pain stands as the most elemental of all sensory experiences. It is universal across animals with nervous systems, immediate in its demand for attention, and profound in its capacity to alter behavior. Yet, it remains one of the most enigmatic phenomena in biology and neuroscience.
Life Biggest Mystery: from a Single Cell to a Conscious, loving Human, How?
How morphogenesis works? Uncover known mechanisms, current hypotheses, and speculative frontiers — weaving together genetics, epigenetics, bioelectricity, cellular cognition, and developmental teleology into a unified narrative.
From the Big Bang, to Atoms, to Galaxies to Humans to AI. Entropy & the Arrow of complexity
Why complexity in the universe appears to increase over time: How irreversible process drives creation.